The Fourth Amendment: "The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched and the persons or things to be seized." (Emphasis added)
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See also California Constitution, Art I, § 13, with almost identical language.
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California's Exclusionary Rule: Cal. Const., Art I, § 28(d), the "Truth in Evidence" provisions of Proposition 8 (passed in June, 1982), abrogated California's "independent state grounds" theory of exclusion, leaving the United States Constitution and its Amendments as the sole basis for imposing an "Exclusionary Rule" on the admissibility of evidence. (In re Lance W. (1985) 37 Cal.3rd 873; People v. Gutierrez (1984) 163 Cal.App.3rd 332, 334.)
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